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station houston onto

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we are ready for the event

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lisa this is mission control houston

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andre and

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don

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this is isa international space station

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we are ready for the event how do you

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hi frank good to uh to hear your voice

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and hello at eic everybody we can hear

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and we have a great picture here andre

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and don thank you very much for joining

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us today it's wonderful to see you all

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floating and smiling there in uh in the

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space station uh the first question may

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be from from my side to all these people

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here and then eic that were here and

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they visited our columbus module and and

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all kinds of things and a lot of

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questions in microgravity can you

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demonstrate a little bit to us what it

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well actually we can and uh don

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prepared a great experiment

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which we will now demonstrate i mean

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this is all for science so we really do

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so normally we let some things float etc

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but now we're going to really

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demonstrate

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okay we all know that pendulums are a

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gravity machine and they need gravity to

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work and i have an example here of a

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pendulum where we put a long spring on

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the end of the pendulum and the spring

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can replace the effect of gravity go

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so now

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this spring is giving a force

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that is

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like gravity for small angle

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displacement and small angle

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displacement is where the sine of theta

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equals theta and of course that's when

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theta's measured in radians and so here

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here we have an example where a pendulum

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which simply will not work in gravity

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you affix a spring to the end of it and

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now all of a sudden it will work and it

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works according to the pendulum equation

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where the period is mass independent and

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it depends on the length of the pendulum

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so that's one demonstration here in a

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weightless environment but now let me

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change the spring just a little bit and

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we'll change the behavior of the

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now the spring instead of pulling the

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pendulum

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along its length it's perpend it's

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perpendicular to the length

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okay

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it's perpendicular to the length and

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that changes the dynamics it's no longer

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a pendulum with a pendulum equation it's

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now a simple harmonic oscillator and the

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the frequency or the period of vibration

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is now mass dependent so so this was a

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a simple demonstration that shows

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an apparatus that we're all familiar

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with on earth a pendulum but it won't

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work in a weightless environment you add

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a spring force to it and it becomes a

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pendulum again but then you change the

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spring angle

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90 degrees and all of a sudden it

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changes its behavior so it's a mass

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dependent period it becomes a simple

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well thank you very much for this very

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interesting

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demonstration that that you have given

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uh for things that only can work in

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microgravity and zhan i think you have

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the next question for don

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sure first can i say that was just so

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cool and thank you so much for taking

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the time to speak with us um this is uh

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zahan barmel from

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the youtube team um i have a question in

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two parts

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part one can you tell us what is the

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best thing about working on board the

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international space station and part two

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can you give us some idea of what

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typical research you carry out on board

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well the best thing is that uh if you're

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normally working in science then you you

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you're concentrating on one field the

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nice thing of being an astronaut is that

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you do

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research in all kinds of fields and

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that's a

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big variation uh which is new the newest

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ideas uh so that's a nice feeling that

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you're working

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for example one day you're doing biology

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experiment

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the next day

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there's a combustion experiment done

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with a lot of combustion experiments for

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example then you are a subject or an

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operator for human physiology experiment

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then there is something with earth

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observation or even robotics we have

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been working with

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robonaut

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so so it's technology it's life science

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it's material science and that is one of

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the very nice aspects of being an

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astronaut to be in all these different

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fields i guess this answers also the

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the second part of the question straight

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hello

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the plants undergo the same stress of

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plants and humans have significant

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different physiologies and the

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environment on space station is designed

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for humans and so plants don't

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necessarily do very well

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in this environment they they are under

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stress but different kinds of stresses

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than what human beings have and it's

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actually quite challenging to raise a

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plant in a weightless environment as as

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i've been uh

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working on in some of my off-duty time

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now you can design a complex piece of

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equipment which inside of the equipment

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provides the environment that is

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conducive for plants to grow but if you

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just want plants to grow as the

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equivalent of a potted plant in the

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corner of a room

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that's a tough thing to have in a

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hello my name is maria willis and my

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question is how long could an astronaut

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stay on the iss and respect a full

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now that's a very interesting question

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people have been in space for a long

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time

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a russian doctor poliakoff has been in

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space in one go

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more than a year and he was in good

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shape when he came back we do a lot of

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effort to stay in shape so we do sports

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every day to keep our muscles and bones

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in a good condition now of course there

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is there is some deterioration in

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weightlessness you still have some

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muscle atrophy

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some bone mineral density loss and of

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course there's the radiation now so far

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all the astronauts

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get back into normal shape although it

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takes a long time for example for the

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bones it can take a very long time

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before your your bones are back

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the effects of radiation are cumulative

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so that is something that you cannot

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turn back but this is not different than

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for people who work in certain areas on

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the ground involving radiation so in

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general with the help of all the medical

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people on the ground and the sports that

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we do

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things to get back in shape all the

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astronauts get back in normal shape

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hello my name is muhammad and my

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question is

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what do you think about the future of

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space exploration i mean

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space exploration is very expensive and

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uh with the current economic situations

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all over the world i would like to know

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what's the future of my generation in

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uh good question first off space

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exploration compared to what we spend

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our money on socially in the form of

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governments is small

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it's a it's a small amount of our social

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resources that we're currently devoting

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to space now

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my generation has forged out the current

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space program that you see and of course

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there is a generation before me that

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forged their version out and what the

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future of space exploration will be for

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humans and robots is going to depend on

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you and what your generation decides

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that you want to do

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so one of my favorite quotes is the best

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is yet to be and uh that we will see

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with space exploration and it will

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depend on what you and your generation

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decides that you want to make out of

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hello my name is marina lopez and my

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question in microgravity the human

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body's sufficient changes but if you

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know what could happen to a pregnant

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woman and her baby in the pregnancy at

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a very interesting question uh which i

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cannot give you the answer straight away

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because uh we didn't have such a

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situation luckily

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uh because uh this is a strange

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environment and uh we can

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not afford to do some kind of an

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experiment like this uh uh

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at least

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with humans so because we know from uh

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from lower vertebrate experiments that

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have been done that there is an effect

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of gravity on the development of embryos

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so this this might be something uh uh

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dangerous uh

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at least in the the present time for uh

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for humans to uh to try out so this is

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something that maybe in the far future

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this might be a an issue that is uh

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that is getting important but at the

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moment we don't do this with humans

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although the experiments with animals uh

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are very interesting uh because like

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with

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also in uh in the animal development

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that there is an effect of uh of gravity

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uh on the development of the cells now

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this is interesting because the baby the

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embryo itself

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in

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apparently even on on those cells

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hi my name is luis alvarez and i

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wondered

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if there has been any discovery made in

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the iss in microgravity conditions which

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the

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benefits of science

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and technology

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come slowly and incrementally

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and these are endeavors that you work on

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over long periods of time and over these

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long periods of time you will see the

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benefit come out

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and this applies to both science and

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engineering and technology development

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on earth as well as what we see here in

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space and i think the the best thing to

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say about

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about the benefit of exploring space

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can be from its effect on human beings

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to be able to see our planet from a view

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outside of a planet looking in or

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looking down

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and to be able to understand

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our place in our solar system and maybe

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even the universe and i i think this is

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one of the the most outreaching effects

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of human beings going into space and i i

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like to to sum up the purpose or the

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value of exploration from a ts eliot

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quote

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where uh uh he

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uh paraphrases the value of exploration

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is to be able to go and when you come

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back you know

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great and thank you very much for all

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these uh interesting questions

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you have another question i think for

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the crew up there

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i have one more question um so one of

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our goals

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running space lab is to showcase some of

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the best space and science related video

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content on our channel and so my

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question to you is uh what is your

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well that's an interesting one because

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there are so many uh

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in all kind of fields

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the funny ones uh the the interesting

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ones uh there's a lot of nice video

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tubes from

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video films uh from dawn with with all

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his

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science experiments i know very well one

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of the first that i liked very much was

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actually uh something that had to do

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with nature which was battle at kruger

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uh and uh that was uh very interesting

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which i've watched a lot but nowadays

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uh the choice is so big that uh it's

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it's a pretty impossible to uh to

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mention a special

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from uh this uh discussion as well does

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anybody in the room has a science

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related question because it's really

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youtube and science and so anybody has a

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nobody dares to ask a question to the

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space station come on guys it's your

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chance what's an okay science related

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question

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uh yes uh hello my name is jaime costa

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and i'd like to ask

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what can you hear from the iss if you

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can hear something like some uh

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uh

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impact maybe on on some sort of

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vibrations i don't know

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so yes a good question related to all

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well well inside station there's a lot

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of machinery there are fans and motors

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and things like that so you you hear a

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lot of machinery kind of noises

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but what's

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really amazing

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is

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to go in the columbus module

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and and it's best to do this

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when it's uh crew sleep time because

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everything's quiet the lights are turned

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out and you just

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sort of float in the columbus module and

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you can hear all this groaning and

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creaking and popping it sounds like an

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old wooden sailing ship maybe maybe what

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columbus's ship might have sounded like

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and and you hear all this groaning and

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creaking and popping and you wonder

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what's making all of that noise uh

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because of course we're surrounded by a

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near vacuum in space and and acoustical

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uh propagation won't go in a vacuum

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so what's making that noise and

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uh andre and i were talking about that

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we're not sure but we think it's a micro

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meteorite shielding on the outside of

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columbus it's designed a little

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differently than the rest of the station

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and we think that it's

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groaning and creaking through thermal

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stress as it undergoes heating and

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cooling cycles with day and night but

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don and andre thank you very much for

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this very interesting video conference

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live from space i think everybody here

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was excited to see you was excited to

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listen to your answers to the

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interesting question can i hear a big

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cheer from the audience for john and

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okay that was great thank you very much

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and it was a pleasure good luck with all